The 2011 census recorded that 70.2% of the population identified as Christian, 1.32% as Muslim, 0.29% as Sikh, 0.22% as Hindu, 0.19% as Buddhist, 0.02% as Jewish, and 21.90% as having no religion.[103]. The town is bounded by the Tyne & Wear Green Belt,[91] with its portion in much of its surrounding rural area of the borough. (iii) Assist in the regeneration of the urban area of the city; All rights reserved. [165], It also has its own commercial station, Sun FM, formerly an independent station but now owned by Nation Broadcasting who acquired the station from the UKRD Group, a student-led community radio station, Spark, and a hospital radio station Radio Sunderland for Hospitals, and can receive other north-eastern independent radio stations Metro Radio, Greatest Hits North East, Capital North East and Smooth Radio North East. No one loves food in flight like Nik Sennhauser. [139], Sunderland College is a further education establishment with campuses located at the Bede centre on Durham Road, Hylton, Doxford International Business Park and 'Phoenix House' in the city centre. In Grenada, every enslaved individual was to be given a proportion of land adequate to their support and be granted 28 working days per year to cultivate it. Here are just a few things that make Shetland well worth the visit. The sale and transport of enslaved peoplebetween colonies were not affected by this legislation. [134] Vaux in Sunderland and Wards in Sheffield had been part of the Vaux Group, but with the closure of both breweries it was re-branded The Swallow Group, concentrating on the hotel side of the business. See below under estate and plantation records and also pictorial evidence. These services run hourly in each direction, cut from half-hourly on 12 December 2005 (but towards Newcastle there is also the option of taking the Metro see the Metro subsection above). The Court of Session cases challenging the status of slavery in Scotland reveal that local people helped fugitives of slavery see under Court of Session cases. [156], Sunderland Museum and Winter Gardens, on Borough Road, was the first municipally funded museum in the country outside London. Sunderland musicians that have gone on to reach international fame include Dave Stewart of the Eurythmics and all four members of Kenickie, whose vocalist Lauren Laverne later became known as a TV presenter. Almost all of the information in the NRS relating to these topics is in written form. The A1018 follows a direct route from Shields to Sunderland, the A183 follows the coast. [141] The college is a partnership between the three Sunderland North schools and City of Sunderland College.[142]. Views are absolutely breathtaking but the highlight was the seabirds especially the puffins nesting on the cliffs. Come for the oysters, stay for the priceless art honoring inventors across history and Scotland's favorite outdoor sports. It became an independent kingdom and then a duchy before being united with the Kingdom of Some former enslaved individualswere employed as apprentices with tradesmen. Fancy a ferry to Shetland instead? Over 25,000 men from a population of 151,000 served in the armed forces during the war. The map below shows the position of each lighthouse we have detailed on Photographers Resource. 1999/1750) 28. [135] It is now a brownfield site and this is a derelict site in an urban area. We are committed to amending this large-scale legacy in our catalogue continuously over time so it should be possible in the futureto find all relevant material without the use of these terms as search words. 3906. Census records are closed for 100 years under the Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002. [128] Competition from overseas caused a downturn in demand for Sunderland built ships toward the end of the 20th century. 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It has the eighth largest Island population in Scotland. [131] The site of the last coal mine, Wearmouth Colliery, is now occupied by the Stadium of Light, and a miner's Davy lamp monument stands outside of the ground to honour the site's mining heritage. Three cases concerning the status of enslaved peoplein Scotland also survive among the unextracted processes of the court in the NRS, as follows: Among the petitions, declarations and other submissions by Sheddan and Montgomery in Court of Session (NRS reference CS234/S/3/12) there survives the bill of sale from Joseph Hawkins, Fredricksburg, to Robert Sheddan of One Negroe boy named Jamie (9 March 1750). [28], Both salt and coal continued to be exported through the 17th century, with the coal trade growing significantly (23,000 tons of coal were exported from Sunderland in the year 1600; by 1680 this had increased to 180,000 tons). Carroll's connection with Sunderland, and the area's history, is documented in Bryan Talbot's 2007 graphic novel Alice in Sunderland. David Spens (previously 'Black Tom', belonging to Dr David Dalrymple in Methill in Fife) sued Dalrymple for wrongful arrest but Dalrymple died during the suit. As coal was required to heat the salt pans, a coal mining community began to emerge. The scheme also includes the building of a new wear bridge between Pallion on the south embankment and Castletown to the north. The Mackem dialect has much of its origins in the language spoken by the Anglo-Saxon population. See below under 'websites and bibliography'. The land was subject to dispute between supermarket chain Tesco, who bought the site in 2001, and Sunderland arc, who submitted plans for its redevelopment in 2002. Lighthouses. The Sunderland Stadium of Light, home to Sunderland AFC, is recognised internationally as a major stadium concert venue. Book a stay in Scotland if you're looking for 5-star luxury, the warm local welcome of a B&B or how about a night under the stars in a tent? The best source of pictorial illustrations and images in Scotland is Glasgow City Libraries and Archives. Find out why this is the perfect time to head 60 degrees north for a Scottish island escape. Sunderland (/sndrlnd/ (listen)) is a port city in Northern England. Use one of our fantastic locations on your next shoot for an awe-inspiring backdrop to your work. Thirty miles to the north of Aberdeen stands Buchan Ness Lighthouse, a tower steeped in military history. Lighthouses. Best nearby. Parliamentary Archives website - includes a micro-site: Parliament and the British Slave Trade, Eric J Graham, A Maritime History of Scotland 1650-1790 (Tuckwell Press, 2002) Film producer David Parfitt belonged to this company before achieving worldwide fame and is now a patron of the theatre. Sunderland is less ethnically diverse than Gateshead and South Shields, mainly because of many outlying suburbs to the south, north and west of the city such as St Chad's, Southwick and Fulwell which have very high White British populations. But look beyond the tartan tourist traps, and youll discover tucked-away gardens, remnants of the citys medieval past, and much more. Entries in volume 1 (1672-1804) are very brief, with little genealogical information and very few illuminations of the coats of arms. Corning Glass Works, in Sunderland for 120 years, closed on 31 March 2007[132] and in January 2007, the Pyrex manufacturing site also closed,[133] bringing to an end commercial glass-making in the city. On his head he wore a helmet and in time this was surmounted by a crest which identified the wearer from a distance and was used particularly during tournaments. The North East 250 explores everything for which Scotland is famous in a unique Scottish road trip taking you through the whisky distilleries of Speyside, the spectacular mountain passes of the Cairngorms National Park, the famous castles of Royal Deeside, the Granite City of Aberdeen, the rugged North Sea coastline to the east, and the picturesque seaside villages of the Moray Firth Coast. [58] In 1909 the Queen Alexandra Bridge was built, linking Deptford and Southwick. As of 2012 over 500,000 cars are produced annually, and it is the UK's largest car factory. For more details of these and the records of the Office of the Registry of Colonial Slaves and Slave Compensation Commission, 1812-1851, including the central register of slaves in London, see the research guides on the slave trade on The National Archives website. [114] During formal negotiations, Tesco stated they would be willing to sell the land to arc, if an alternative city centre site could be found. For further information see the Parliamentary Archives website. If the testament was registered by a court whose jurisdiction covered the plantation itself, the registers might survive in the relevant national archives of that country. The larger metropolitan borough contains other settlements with a separate identity such as Washington, but has been given official city status, with all individual settlements being the responsibility of Sunderland city council. [117], The Sunderland Strategic Transport Corridor (SSTC) is a proposed transport link from the A19, through the city centre, to the port. [11], It is believed the Brythonic-speaking Brigantes inhabited the area around the River Wear in pre-Roman Britain. Robert Burns Ellisland Farm. Shetland takes great pride in its local food and drink and for good reason! For example, four cases involving owners of ships engaged in the slave trade, which were heard in the High Court of Admiralty in Scotland are: Daniel v Graham, 1721 (NRS reference AC9/718), Clark v Inglis, 1727 (NRS reference AC9/1022), Horseburgh v Bogle, 1727 (NRS reference AC9/1042) and Alexander v Colhoun & Company, 1762 (NRS reference CS228/A/3/19). Documentation relating to the region's coalmining heritage are stored at the North East England Mining Archive and Resource Centre (NEEMARC). The Sheepfolds industrial estate occupies a large area of land between the Stadium and the Wearmouth Bridge. The current regional BBC radio station is BBC Radio Newcastle. Sunderland has the motto of Nil Desperandum Auspice Deo or Under God's guidance we may never despair.[84]. These fantastically named natural pools look like something out of a Scottish myth. Inland Revenue Survey Maps and Field Books, The Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland 1672-1910, A description of the different elements of a Coat of Arms. With the outbreak of World War II in 1939, Sunderland was a key target of the German Luftwaffe bombing, 267 people died and local industries destroyed. Minimize map. Sunderland Ryhope Community Association F.C. The NRS does not hold slave registers. When you visit our islands please be mindful of our landscape, coastline, wildlife and community. You might wonder where are the Shetland Islands? The trains run every 1215 minutes, depending on the time of day, and call at all stations. Joseph Knight sought the freedom to leave the employment of John Wedderburn of Bandean, who argued that Knight, even though he was not recognised as a enslaved individual, was still bound to provide perpetual service in the same manner as an indentured servant or an apprenticed artisan (see Court of Session cases below). Sunderland's relatively high attendances have been a major boost to the local economy averaging at more than 30,000 even during the club's current spell in the third tier of English football. [148] It was renovated in 2005, backed by the artistic team which designed the stations along the Wearside extension of the Tyne & Wear Metro in 2002. Manage Cookie Settings. WebThis is a list of all lighthouses in the U.S. state of Maryland as identified by the United States Coast Guard. Although the accent has much in common with Geordie, the dialect spoken in Newcastle, there are some distinctive differences. The Sunderland strategic transport corridor project is an ongoing investment to the city's road infrastructure. [120], The Port of Sunderland, owned by the city council, has been earmarked for medium-term redevelopment with a focus on mixed-use industry. The Sunderland USD had a population of 174,286 in 2011 compared with 275,506 for the wider city. Due to access restrictions in place as a precautionary measure while we undertake high level masonry inspections, there is currently no visitor access to the palace. (iv) Prevent the merging of Sunderland with Tyneside, Washington, Houghton-le-Spring and Seaham, and the merging of Shiney Row with Washington, Chester-le-Street and Bournmoor. In the early years of the 20th century All Saints, Monkwearmouth became an important centre for the development of the Pentecostal Movement in Britain.[110]. All content is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0, except where otherwise stated. Our iKnow partners offer local information and there are currently 9 partnersaccross Shetland. From budget-friendly campsites and hostels to exclusive self-catering for large groups, or stylish city centre hotels, you'll be spoilt for choice with Scottish accommodation! Instead of heading to the Highlands, aim for the Borders and other areas of Southern Scotland to learn more about the countrys history and famous residents like writer Robert Burns.. A new cycle route from Stranraer to Eyemouth Our app is your one-stop shop for information on Scotlands iconic historic attractions. At 3,874 hectares, Sunderland is the 45th largest[citation needed] urban area in England by measure of area, with a population density of 45.88 people per hectare. Why not stay in a castle, a lighthouse or on a working farm? As with the coal-mining and shipbuilding, overseas competition has forced the closure of all of Sunderland's glass-making factories. It is based at the 49,000-seat Stadium of Light, which was opened in 1997. Loch Lomond, The Trossachs, Stirling & Forth Valley. [67], Electronic, chemical, paper and motor manufacturing as well as the service sector expanded during the 1980s and 1990s to fill unemployment from heavy industry. At its peak in 1923, 170,000 miners were employed in County Durham alone,[130] as labourers from all over Britain, including many from Scotland and Ireland, entered the region. Enslaved peoplecharged with capital offences were to be tried in court in the same way as white and free-coloured persons. Even in the depths of winter, where days are short and the weather makes you long for a warm fire and a smooth dram, there is breathtaking beauty to be 2021 is another year to remember & a time to reflect. [36], By the start of the 18th century the banks of the Wear were described as being studded with small shipyards, as far as the tide flowed. Copies of original testaments of plantation owners may survive in estate papers or among family papers. Port Logan Lighthouse. The Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Executive, branded as Nexus, became an executive body of the North East Combined Authority. [49] Designed by Stout's successor as Engineer, Jonathan Pickernell jr (in post from 1795 to 1804), it consisted of a set of 'bag and spoon' dredgers driven by a tailor-made 4-horsepower Boulton & Watt beam engine. In 1992, the borough of Sunderland was granted city status. It is the City of Sunderland's administrative centre, within the Metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear, the Historic County of Durham, and the North East Combined Authority area. The main gate may be locked when no staff are on duty, however the nearest pedestrian access to the grounds is open at Market Lane. The three road bridges connecting the north and south portions of the city are the Queen Alexandra Bridge at Pallion, the Wearmouth Bridge just to the north of the city centre and most recently the Northern Spire Bridge between Castletown and Pallion. Join us for a daily celebration of the worlds most wondrous, unexpected, even strange places. Estate plans might show how enslaved individualswere accommodated. Also in 2007, the Echo 24 luxury apartments opened on Pann's Bank overlooking the river. The program will feature the breadth, power and journalism of rotating Fox News anchors, reporters and producers. The Northumbria Police (covering Tyne and Wear and Northumberland) and Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue Service (covering the county only) were also formed. The area around Fawcett Street itself increasingly functioned as the civic and commercial town centre. Scottish Archive Network (SCAN) - use the online catalogue to search for records relating to slavery in Scottish archives and view the Slavery and Glasgow exhibition See this shimmering celestial phenomenon the islanders call the 'Mirrie Dancers'. The city is covered by BBC North East and Cumbria and ITV's Tyne Tees franchise, which has a regional office in the university's media centre.[166]. They won their first FA Cup in 1937. In 1816, another Act came into force, requiring an annual return of the enslaved population in each colony. The registers for both of these have been digitised and are searchable online via the ScotlandsPeople website. Around this time, Sunderland was known as 'Sunderland-near-the-Sea'. Sunderland also hosts the free International Festival of Kites, Music and Dance, which attracts kite-makers from around the world to Northumbria Playing Fields, Washington. For more information on muster rolls, see our guide on military records. Shetland has everything a cyclist could hope for, from quiet roads to spectacular scenery. Since 2001 Sunderland has been named the best new university in England by The Guardian and Government performance indicators showed Sunderland as the best new university in England for the quality, range and quantity of its research. The empty string is the special case where the sequence has length zero, so there are no symbols in the string. [citation needed], The A1018 and A183 roads both start in the centre of South Shields and enter Sunderland from the north, before merging to cross the Wearmouth Bridge. Scottish merchants became increasingly involved in the trade and Scottish planters (especially sugar and tobacco) began to settle in the colonies, generating much of their wealth through enslaved labour. Sunderland station opened in 1879[148] but was completely redesigned to facilitate football teams and officials from countries who were drawn to play at Roker Park during England's hosting of the 1966 World Cup. According to the 'Value Added' measure, the most successful is Mill Hill Primary School, in Doxford Park. Discover our Islands of Opportunity - Shetland is a dynamic, forward-thinking destination, rich with opportunities for visitors and locals. The NRS online catalogue contains many detailed entries at item level, and it is possible to search it using terms such as slave and slavery, and by the name of a plantation or plantation owner. In the mid-1980s, Sunderland's economic situation began to improve following the collapse of the local shipbuilding industry. In 2011, the least ethnically diverse ward was the Northside suburb Redhill which was 99.0% White (98.3% White British), 0.3% Asian and 0.1% Black.[99]. There is evidence from wills and testaments that enslaved peoplein the colonies were regarded as moveable property, meaning they could be bequeathed after the owners death. In Jamaica, enslaved personscould no longer be separated from their families, and released enslaved peoplewere allowed to own personal property and to receive bequests. [143] However, comprehensive schools also thrive, notably the Roman Catholic single-sex schools St Anthony's (for girls) and St Aidan's (for boys). The fastest, largest and busiest road is the A19, which is a dual carriageway running north-to-south along the western edge of the urban area, crossing the River Wear at Hylton, and providing access north to the Tyne Tunnel, joining up with the A1 to Edinburgh, and south through Teesside, joining up with the A1M via the A168 at Thirsk, providing an entirely grade separated connection between Sunderland and the M1 motorway. Established in 1979, Antique Print and Map Room is a specialist dealer of rare antique maps and prints, fine art, antique works on paper and historical ephemera. Both continue to attain high exam results. The National Cycle Network National Route 1 runs from Ryhope in the south, through the centre of the city and then along the coast towards South Shields. The release was formalised through a manumission (a document granting the enslaved personhis or her freedom). Business records (such as correspondence, accounts and ledgers) give an insight into how the slave trade was operated. [157], Every year the city hosts a large Remembrance Day memorial service, the largest in the UK outside London in 2006. [124] One famous vessel was the Torrens, the clipper in which Joseph Conrad sailed,[125] and on which he began his first novel. A central argument in each case was that the enslaved person, having been bought in the colonies, had been subsequently baptised by sympathetic church ministers in Scotland. The Roundheads blockaded the River Tyne, crippling the Newcastle coal trade, which allowed a short period of flourishing coal trade on the Wear. Under the Local Government Act 1888, it was given the status of a County Borough, independent from county council control. Another relatively nearby weather station in Durham has warmer summer days and colder winter nights courtesy of its inland position. Shetland may be the most northerly point of the British Isles, but it is alsosurprisingly accessible. By 1770 Sunderland had spread westwards along its High Street to join up with Bishopwearmouth. [116] Construction commenced in 2014. Head 60 degrees north for a short break or longerholidaysin Shetlandand find your perfect Scottish escape. It is situated on an underground level. [107] The Jewish primary school, the Menorah School, closed in July 1983. It also mentions some other Scottish archives relating to Scotland's involvement in the trade and its abolition. As of 2021[update] Sunderland is represented in the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom by three Labour Members of Parliament; Bridget Phillipson since 2020, Julie Elliott since 2017 and Sharon Hodgson. [51], By the middle of the century glassmaking was at its height on Wearside. The historian behind an online database of eccentric traditions has already visited more than 550 events. The city is 10 miles (16km) from Newcastle-upon-Tyne and is on the River Wear's mouth to the North Sea. The 'Award-Winning' St Peter's Riverside Campus is located on the north banks of the river Wear, next to the National Glass Centre and houses the School of Business, Law and Psychology, as well as Computing and Technology and The Media Centre. To search these and to find out more about how to access them, see National Register of Archives for Scotland online register. The second settlement on the wear's mouth grew as a fishing settlement and later as a port, being granted a town charter in 1179. The new measures imposed by the government included Acts for the government and protection of the slave population, passed between 1826 and 1830. In his fifty-year career as engineer to the Northern Lighthouse Board, Robert went on to design and construct more than a dozen more lighthouses around the shores of Scotland and the surrounding islands. From drowning to murders to the mental toll of isolation, these stoic towers carry a full share of tragedy. This can be taken as "sundorlande" (being Old English for "separate land") or the settlement of Sunderland. [37] A number of warships were built, alongside many commercial sailing ships. Join Historic Scotland to visit our properties free of charge for a full year and support our work at the same time. He had been brought to Scotland by Captain Andrew Douglas in 1702 from the West Indies, where he had been transported as a young boy from the African west coast. More than 20 of our sites are now open. Historic Environment Scotland is the lead public body established to investigate, care for and promote Scotlands historic environment. [144], In May 2002, the Tyne and Wear Metro was extended to Sunderland in an official ceremony attended by The Queen, 22 years after it originally opened in Newcastle upon Tyne. [27] Large vats of seawater were heated using coal; as the water evaporated, the salt remained. [145][146], In March 2014, Metro owner Nexus proposed an extension of the network by the creation of an 'on-street' tram link which would connect the city centre to South Shields to the north and Doxford Park to the west.[147]. Between 1756 and 1778 three cases reached the Court of Session in Edinburgh whereby fugitives of slaveryattempted to obtain their freedom. The most ethnically diverse ward of the city was the (now defunct)[95] Thornholme area which had a population of 10,214 in 2001. In the village of Offerton roughly three miles inland from the present city centre, skirmishes occurred. Other Mackem musicians include punk rockers The Toy Dolls ("Nellie the Elephant", December 1984), oi! Linlithgow is an ancient town and haven for wildlife. Letters between slave traders can reveal how slave markets and auctions were identified and how slaves were transported to the colonies and sold there. List of important dates in the history of Sunderland, "Local Area Report Sunderland Built-up area (1119884905)", "Stone anchors found in River Wear could reveal Roman port", "Museum and Winter Gardens Look At Glass", "Book of the Month, Bede Wrings on the Calendar", "Offerton, site of Civil War skirmish Details", "Websters Ropery (Grade II listing) (1207121)", "On the waterfront: First sea link with the docks", "Colliery Railways: Londonderry Seaham & Sunderland 1854/55", "Tyne and Wear HER(2874): Sunderland, South Dock (Hudson Dock) Details", "SINE Project: Structure details for Queen Alexandra Bridge", "Monkwearmouth Station Museum in Sunderland hosts First World War poster exhibition", Church of St Mary and Attached Railings, Sunderland, "The Leader-Post Google News Archive Search", "The history of Nissan's Sunderland factory", "Is Sunderland the best UK city to live in? Where evidence of the slave trade voyages exists in Scotland it is generally through court cases. Shipbuilding ended in 1988 and coal-mining in 1993 after a mid-1980s unemployment crisis with 20 per cent of the local workforce unemployed in the town. [180] Sunderland supporters are one of the oldest fan bases in England, and in 2019 it was reported that despite being in League One, Sunderland's average gates were higher than those of such teams as Lyon, Napoli, Roma, Valencia, Juventus, and Porto. Supporters, the figures or beasts standing on either side of the shield, are only granted to particular groups of people, including clan chiefs, peers, and senior knights in orders of chivalry. [needs update]. The Solway Firth (Scottish Gaelic: Trchd Romhra) is a firth that forms part of the border between England and Scotland, between Cumbria (including the Solway Plain) and Dumfries and Galloway.It stretches from St Bees Head, just south of Whitehaven in Cumbria, to the Mull of Galloway, on the western end of Dumfries and Galloway. The Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland 1672-1910. [64] Religious buildings include Holy Trinity Church, built in 1719 for an independent Sunderland, St Michael's Church, built as Bishopwearmouth Parish Church and now known as Sunderland Minster and St Peter's Church, Monkwearmouth, part of which dates from AD 674, and was the original monastery. It took place primarily along the sea front at Roker and Seaburn. In some cases legibility is poor. Scottish families who settled in the colonies maintained contact with their relatives in Scotland, and extensive series of correspondence survive in some Scottish estate collections. ", "Sunderland ranked in the top ten safest places to live in the UK this is why", "Local Area Report Sunderland Local Authority (1946157068)", "Councils unsure when North East devolution deal will be signed amid uncertainty", "How the world reacted when Sunderland voted to leave the European Union", "Pro-'Brexit' City of Sunderland Glad to Poke Establishment in the Eye", "How Sunderland became a poster child for Brexit", "Special report: Sunderland aiming to be the 'poster city for Brexit', "GREEN BELT REVIEW STAGE 1 CORE STRATEGY GROWTH OPTIONS STAGE, MARCH 2016", "2001 Census Fact Cards for wards in the City of Sunderland", "See inside Sunderland Synagogue as we look into the history of the spectacular building", "BBC Wear Jewish community gradually fades", "Historic Anglican, Pentecostal consultation "a flying start", "Images of Sunderland's new 11.8million square", "Next step in road to iconic Wear bridge", "History of Shipbuilding in the North East", "SINE Project: Structure details for South Dock: Hudson Dock", "Torrens (1875); Cargo vessel | Royal Museums Greenwich", "The 'Torrens' at Port Adelaide Photograph State Library of South Australia", "BBC Nation on Film Shipbuilding Background", "LOCAL STUDIES CENTRE FACT SHEET NUMBER 10:Shipbuilding on the Wear: Part 1", "Exhibition digs into Sunderland's mining history", "End of an era as glass firm sets closure date", "Painful Anniversary for Vaux Brewery, Sunderland journallive Administrator", "Facts, Figures, Accolades, the University's vision", "Secondary school league tables in Sunderland", "Primary Schools in Sunderland League Table", "New South Tyneside Metro and tram link-up plans revealed", "Stagecoach-Virgin company awarded InterCity East Coast rail franchise Stagecoach Group", "Closure date set for Sunderland's City Library", "Sunderland Restaurant Week 2020: What to Expect", "Newspaper Report for the publication: Sunderland Star", "Radio 1's Big Weekend: Penshaw Monument, Herrington Park, Sunderland", "Local boys shine at Sunderland's Big Weekend", "Frankie and the Heartstrings: Record shop boys", "China opens a window on Sunderland Local", "Sunderland City Council: Further Information on Essen", "Sunderland harnessing fanbase bigger than Valencia, Porto and Juventus", "SAFC Previous Grounds / History / Previous Grounds", "A Very Warm Welcome to Sunderland RFC. Shetland's world-famous small ponies can be seen throughout the islands - grazing by the roadside, on the beaches or on the heathery hills. There are fourteen active lights in the state as well as three automated caissons and eleven skeleton towers replacing previously manned lights. [85] Since 2014, the City of Sunderland has been a member of the North East Combined Authority; initially Tyne and Wear, Northumberland and the County Durham District. Up-market residential apartments were developed, including the Echo 24 building.[112]. Redevelopment of the Monkwearmouth Colliery site, which sits on the north bank of the river Wear opposite the Vaux site, began in the mid-1990s with the creation of the Stadium of Light. Rediscover Shetland and enjoy Shetland life to the full. [65] St Mary's Catholic Church is the earliest surviving Gothic revival church in the city. After crossing the bridge, the A1018 follows a relatively straight path to the south of Sunderland where it merges with the A19. [30], Before the civil war and with the exclusion of Kingston upon Hull, the North declared for the King. To find out more about the different types of trade records, read our guide to crafts and trades. The ward's ethnicity was, in 2011, 76.4% White (73.5% White British), 17.6% Asian and 2.5% Black. Browse images on our online learning resource. Contracts, indentures, factories and other legal papers concerning the sale of enslaved peoplecan give details about the transaction, the parties involved, the price paid and other conditions under which the sale was to be finalised. Please book your tickets in advance. By jenc9592019. This ward, which included Eden Vale, Thornhill, as well as parts of Hendon, Ashbrooke and the city centre, has long been the focus of Wearside's Bangladeshi community. While at the monastery, Bede completed the Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (The Ecclesiastical History of the English People) in 731, a feat which earned him the title The father of English history. Shetland Islands: Yours to enjoy responsibly. They was a tonnage duty levy on shipping in order to raise the necessary funds. Teesside International Airport can be reached in less than one hour by car. Independent, a city-centre nightclub/music venue, satisfies underground music lovers. In 1705, Scipio joined the family of the Captain's daughter who married John Kennedy from Culzean in Ayrshire, and it was here that Scipio got his surname. It is the City of Sunderland's administrative centre, within the Metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear, the Historic County of Durham, and the North East Combined Authority area. To find relevant business records, you would ideally know the name of the company or individual dealing in eslavement, as the entries in our online catalogue are arranged by record creator. The club was one of the most successful and best supported clubs in the English game during this era, with its home at Roker Park holding more than 70,000 spectators at its peak. Please book your tickets in advance. The Northern Gallery for Contemporary Art on Fawcett Street and Sunderland Museum and Winter Gardens showcase exhibitions and installations from up-and-coming and established artists alike, with the latter holding an extensive collection of Lowry. Despite their financial struggles, Sunderland were league champions six times within the Football League's first half century, but have not achieved this accolade since 1936. Expert local knowledge, gifts and inspiration. Iain Whyte, Scotland and the Abolition of Black Slavery, 1756-1838 (Edinburgh University Press, 2006) Vaux Breweries was established in the town centre in the 1880s and for 110 years was a major employer. [181] After relegations from the FA Premier League and the EFL Championship, the club has played four consecutive seasons in EFL League One, but will again play in the EFL Championship in the 2022-23 season following their promotion in 2021-22. 31. The closest weather station is in Tynemouth, about 8 miles (13km) north of Sunderland. [35] They was a growing number of shipbuilders or boatbuilders active on the River Wear in the late 17th century. [41] By 1815 it was 'the leading shipbuilding port for wooden trading vessels' with 600 ships constructed that year across 31 different yards. Plans for this site focus around the creation of a new residential area, with homes, community buildings, commercial and retail space. For many years, we were located in Sydneys historic Queen Victoria Building (QVB). Enjoy a taste of Shetland and buy an online cookery lesson from chef Andrew Spence. Sunderland Docks was the home of operations for the shipbuilding industry on Wearside. Sunderland A.F.C. [55], In 188690 a new Town Hall was built in Fawcett Street, just to the east of the railway station, designed by Brightwen Binyon. [174], Sunderland is the only city that is not a capital of country twinned with Washington, D.C., as it includes the town of Washington, the ancestral home of George Washington's family.[178]. In 1644 the North was captured by the Roundheads (Parliamentarians), the area itself taken in March of that year. [2][3][4] The term originated as recently as the early 1980s; its use and acceptance by residents, particularly among the older generations, is not universal. Things to Do in Scotland, United Kingdom: See Tripadvisor's 5,830,233 traveler reviews and photos of Scotland tourist attractions. [60], Through the Great Depression of the 1930s, shipbuilding dramatically declined: shipyards on the Wear went from 15 in 1921 to six in 1937. Images purchased from the ScotlandsPeople Centre can be reproduced up to size A3. Sunderland also hosts the yearly Split Music Festival at Ashbrooke Cricket Club which was first celebrated in October 2009[citation needed] and will return in 2010 with Maxmo Park and The Futureheads headlining. This is a bypass of the A1018 through Grangetown and Ryhope a stretch that commonly suffered from congestion, especially during rush hour. However, it wasnt until 1786 that Parliament would pass An act for erecting certain Lighthouses in the Northern Parts of Great Britain.. Restaurants with harbour views, world famous whisky distilleries that will give you a tour and a free dram, ancient castles that form the backdrop of a Hollywood movie and secluded beaches where you can watch the Northern Lights shimmer. The Fatal Accidents and Sudden Death Inquiry (Scotland) Act, 1976 repealed and replaced both these earlier acts and introduced four major changes: it dispensed with the need for a jury; gave wide powers to the Lord Advocate in relation to such inquiries; brought deaths in prisons and of persons in legal custody into the normal FAI system [158], Sunderland celebrates an annual Restaurant week, where city centre restaurants provide some of the best plates at low costs. Create queries visually with a few clicks. The port offers a total of 17 quays,[154] which handle cargoes including forest products, non-ferrous metals, steel, aggregates and refined oil products, limestone, chemicals and maritime cranes. [36] After 1717, measures having been taken to increase the depth of the river, Sunderland's shipbuilding trade grew substantially (in parallel with its coal exports). In 2008, Sunderland City Council offered the residents of Sunderland the opportunity to vote on the design of the bridge. In 2006, Grand Central announced plans to operate a direct service between Sunderland and London King's Cross via York, a service which had been stripped from Wearside twenty years earlier. Explore the rich and little-understood world beneath the waves around Shetland. 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