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decode and case in oracle with example
The syntax is: By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. We can do that with DECODE: Get Mastering Oracle SQL now with the OReilly learning platform. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. DECODE can work with only scaler values but CASE can work with logical oprators, predicates and searchable subqueries. We know that decode can work with scalar values. Start HereAbout Us, Oracle Case Statement Explained with Tips and Examples. The following sections present a variety of examples illustrating So, suppose more than one condition is true, only the first action is considered. Answer: The difference between decode and case are straightforward. The function then returns the string '1' since they were found equal. CASE statement is more readable compared. CASE WHEN column1 = 'Lab' THEN CASE column2 WHEN 'Reg1' THEN 'Zone1' WHEN 'Reg2' THEN 'Zone2' ELSE 'DefaultZone' END END CollectionZone Of course, if you these are actual values and not just examples, you'd really want to do a bit of string manipulation to get the numeric piece off of your Column2 value and use that to construct your Zone value. user . Consequently, Oracle never evaluates a comparison_expr if a previous comparison_expr is equal to expr. It looks like nothing was found at this location. His example brings back 72,487 rows which would require the DECODE / CASE portion of the statement to be executed at least this many times - correct? Thanks, Sarav Databases before Oracle 8.1.6 had only the DECODE function. , default ) Parameters: Take OReilly with you and learn anywhere, anytime on your phone and tablet. (5) CASE executes faster in the optimizer than does DECODE. There is a lot else CASE can do though, which DECODE cannot. Not the answer you're looking for? that you use the CASE expression rather than the DECODE function, Why would Henry want to close the breach? Why is the federal judiciary of the United States divided into circuits? Required fields are marked *. rev2022.12.11.43106. @ThorstenKettner: Okay.. just so that you know, my actual query is something like. This is the query producing the error: SELECT DECODE (FLAG, 1, SUM (Qty2), SUM (Qty1)) FROM test_v WHERE item_no = 1234567; This is an aggregation query. This course gives us tricks and lessons on how to effectively use it and become a productive sql developerOracle SQL Performance Tuning Masterclass 2020 : Performance tuning is one of the critical and most sought skills. Consider the following query, which aggregates sales data for each (1) DECODE can work with only scalar values but CASE can work with logical operators, predicates, and searchable subqueries. Without a group by, only one group is in the result set, summarizing all the data. How does decode work in Oracle? DECODE result type is first decoded expression type, all others are implicitly converted (if needed). Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Here is the CASE version of the statement: SELECT p.part_nbr, SYSDATE + (p.inventory_qty / CASE WHEN my_pkg.get_daily_part_usage (p.part_nbr) > 0 THEN my_pkg.get_daily_part_usage (p.part_nbr) ELSE 1 END) anticipated_shortage_dt FROM part p WHERE p.inventory_qty > 0; 2022, OReilly Media, Inc. All trademarks and registered trademarks appearing on oreilly.com are the property of their respective owners. 2. That is, for a simple CASE expression, the database evaluates each comparison_expr value only before comparing it to expr, rather than evaluating all comparison_expr values before comparing any of them with expr. You should learn to use case. falls in the desired quarter. The DECODE function can be used in Oracle/PLSQL. example to help illustrate the differences between the two You could use the DECODE function in a SQL statement as follows: SELECT supplier_name, DECODE (supplier_id, 10000, 'IBM', 10001, 'Microsoft', 10002, 'Hewlett Packard', 'Gateway') result FROM suppliers; The above DECODE statement is equivalent to the following IF-THEN-ELSE statement: (3) CASE expects datatype consistency, DECODE does not. Oracle DECODE & CASE Functions Version 21c; General Information: Library Note: Which has the higher priority in your organization: Deploying a new database or securing the ones you already have? - and add a position number, for example if the first column is a mobile number at position 1, the other column need to get . . The Case statement is capable of using other operators as well rather than equal to operator. Decode Decode Function is used to compare values in the decode function and returns the result that match with comparison value. How many transistors at minimum do you need to build a general-purpose computer? You may have CASE can work as a PL/SQL construct but DECODE is used only in SQL statement.CASE can be used as parameter of a function/procedure. Terms of service Privacy policy Editorial independence. A nice explained courseOracle SQL Developer: Essentials, Tips and Tricks : Oracle Sql developer tool is being used by many developers. I know it can be resolved by using a GROUP BY but how can I decide on the GROUP BY clause when I am not getting any other columns in the output. 1 Answer. CASE can be used as parameter of a function/procedure.11-Nov-2014. The DECODE function ensures that the divisor is something other than zero. document.getElementById("ak_js_1").setAttribute("value",(new Date()).getTime()); Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email, Copyright 2022 : TechGoEasyHire mePrivacy PolicyContact UsNew? 1 A decent chunk of the discourse has been about how the outputs of the models sound very plausible and even authoritative but lack any connection with reality because the model is train to mimic . decode . Case was introduced in Oracle 8.1. Hi, I want to know how decode and case works? contain one row with N columns rather than N rows with two columns. (2) CASE can work as a PL/SQL construct but DECODE is used only in SQL statements.CASE can be used as a parameter of a function/procedure. The following is the syntax of the Oracle Decode () function: DECODE (expression , search , result [, search , result] [, default (optional)]) Click Here - Get Prepared for SQL Interviews. Today we will learn Conditional Expressions in Oracle SQL Programming, there are two types of Conditional Expressions are as follows:1. Searchable Case statement are case statement where we specify a condition or predicate (case statement in oracle with multiple conditions), Important points about Simple and searchable Case statement, Now lets see the difference between Case and Decode statement, https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14200/expressions004.htm, The Complete Oracle SQL Certification Course, Oracle SQL Developer: Essentials, Tips and Tricks, Oracle SQL Performance Tuning Masterclass 2020, Useful adop (AD online patching ) Patching commands, DBCLI commands for DBCS and Bare Metals in OCI. , . What is decode and case in Oracle? The DECODE function is supported in the various versions of the Oracle/PLSQL, including, Oracle 12c, Oracle 11g, Oracle 10g and Oracle 9i. Decode statement can be used with only SQL DML statements like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE. For a searched CASE expression, the database evaluates each condition to determine whether it is true, and never evaluates a condition if the previous condition was true. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'techgoeasy_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_6',109,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-techgoeasy_com-medrectangle-4-0');(2) A searched CASE can combine multiple tests using several columns, comparisons, and AND/OR operators. This is an aggregation query. Case makes the whole process easier. While the decode operator has been around since the earliest days of Oracle, the case operator was introduced in Oracle 8.1.6. Case statement in Oracle. Without a group by, only one group is in the result set, summarizing all the data. Hebrews 1:3 What is the Relationship Between Jesus and The Word of His Power? DECODE and CASE are often used to pivot data, that is, to turn rows of data into columns of a report. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. This is one of the drawbacks when comparing it to the CASE statement, as the CASE statement can perform more advanced checks. CASE was introduced in Oracle 8.1.6 as a standard, more meaningful, and more powerful function. Did the apostolic or early church fathers acknowledge Papal infallibility? While d3code and case can be used interchangeably, the decode is more powerful because decode can change SQL results. Simple case statement is just like Decode function. Example. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, Whoa!! Sorry. Databases before Oracle 8.1.6 had only the DECODE function. :) :) And point noted Sir..Will use the, @Neels: If you consider this a trick, you should. (3) Both simple and searched CASE constructs, the conditions are evaluated sequentially from top to bottom, and execution exits after the first match are found. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. DECODE is proprietary to Oracle. The DECODE function is used to find exact matches. CASE allows you to perform IF-THEN-ELSE logic in your SQL statements, similar to DECODE. I know oracle is strict when it comes to aggregate functions but when I tried something like this in one of the subqueries, I got the ouptut as expected: But strangely when I modified it to this: Why is it giving different results in two almost similar queries. The problem is that flag is not in an aggregation function. Introduction to Oracle CASE expression Oracle CASE expression allows you to add if-else logic to SQL statements without having to call a procedure. CASE expects datatype consistency, DECODE does not. See my notes on the decode function. A great course and must-have course for SQL starterThe Complete Oracle SQL Certification Course : This is a good course for anybody who wants to be Job ready for SQL developer skills. That is why SQL (in general) requires that all expressions in an aggregation query need to be aggregation functions, except for columns mentioned in the group by. (4) CASE complies with ANSI SQL. We can easily use logical operator in the Case statement, The above is called searchable Case statements. DECODE can work with only scaler values but CASE can work with logical oprators, predicates and searchable subqueries. what I need to do is: - to identfy if they are mobil or phone number, for example with this. Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. And I would still call it a trick because without impacting the result at all, this brings out the solution. This is a good course to learn about it and start doing sql performance tuning, Filed Under: Oracle, Oracle Sql Tagged With: oracle case statement, Your email address will not be published. Don't think I was wrong on the syntax side, just missed to use the correct aggregation! Get Mark Richardss Software Architecture Patterns ebook to better understand how to design componentsand how they should interact. The CASE statement in Oracle isn't a function, so I haven't labelled it as one. It is similar to the Decode statement. 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How they process the arguements. But when you took this to be a trick, it seemed you might not have understood what is happening and what other options there are. Is the EU Border Guard Agency able to tell Russian passports issued in Ukraine or Georgia from the legitimate ones? Also, find out the various ways to define it and assign value to itOracle SQL developer tool: Check out this page for all the information on the Oracle sql developer tool,How to do Oracle sql developer download, how to installoracle date functions : Check out this post for oracle date functions, oracle date difference in years,oracle date difference in days, oracle date difference in months.https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14200/expressions004.htm, Here is the nice Udemy Course for Oracle SQLOracle-Sql-Step-by-step : This course covers basic sql, joins, Creating Tables and modifying its structure, Create View, Union, Union -all and much other stuff. There's also live online events, interactive content, certification prep materials, and more. In a previous post, Tom has shown that both DECODE and CASE will use short-circuit logic (as opposed to NVL and NVL2): The Decode function is used to perform only equality condition. You can do this with a combination of the SIGN function and the INSTR function. Can a prospective pilot be negated their certification because of too big/small hands? CASE - DECODE Comparison: The same functionality written using both . Can we keep alcoholic beverages indefinitely? Using sum inside a case or decode statement in oracle. Well go through detailed examples in this article, if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'techgoeasy_com-leader-1','ezslot_3',195,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-techgoeasy_com-leader-1-0');Lets start with the Case statement Syntax. DECODE Oracle Oracle Database Release 12.2 SQL Language Reference Table of Contents Search Download Table of Contents Title and Copyright Information Preface Changes in This Release for Oracle Database SQL Language Reference 1 Introduction to Oracle SQL 2 Basic Elements of Oracle SQL 3 Pseudocolumns 4 Operators 5 Expressions 6 Conditions Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. case . Maybe try searching? It is same as decode for perform IF-THEN-ELSE logic. While we recommend It is similar to the Decode statement. columns, we need to fabricate a column for each quarter of the year This is version of the GPT3 language model which is somehow optimised for chat dominates my Mastodon feed and inspired countless articles and discussion. We cannot use it for Logical operators. However, it is possible to use the Oracle DECODE function with LIKE. Syntax: DECODE( expression, search, result, search, result. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'techgoeasy_com-box-4','ezslot_2',192,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-techgoeasy_com-box-4-0');Everything DECODE can do, CASE can also. (1) The searched CASE evaluates the conditions independently under each of the when options. expression is optionalif(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'techgoeasy_com-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_4',194,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-techgoeasy_com-large-leaderboard-2-0'); We can divide the Case statement into two categories Simple Case statement and Searchable case statement, This is case statement within the case statement. Sorted by: 4. CODE_VAL 2 . If no match is found, then Oracle returns default. If this were not the case, Oracle would raise an exception, as illustrated by the following example: SELECT lname, DECODE(manager_emp_id, SYSDATE, 'HEAD HONCHO', 'WORKER BEE') emp_type FROM employee; ERROR at line 1: ORA-00932: inconsistent datatypes: expected DATE got NUMBER Case is a statement in Oracle. The arguments can be any of the numeric types ( NUMBER, BINARY_FLOAT, or BINARY_DOUBLE) or character types. Where does the idea of selling dragon parts come from? It is also perform transfer your data to the another data. How does legislative oversight work in Switzerland when there is technically no "opposition" in parliament? He showed a way for when at least one record has flag 1 then sum qty2. DECODE (substr (column_name, 1, 3), '015', 'Mobile', '016', 'Mobile', 017, 'Mobile', 'Phone'), maybe someone knows a better way. How did muzzle-loaded rifled artillery solve the problems of the hand-held rifle? If expr is equal to a search, then Oracle Database returns the corresponding result. Case And Decode Function In Oracle SQL (IF THEN ELSE) With Examples | CASE DECODE FUNCTIONS IN ORACLE SQLAbout this Video!------------------------------------------Hi Guys! Or when more than 50% of the records have flag 1. DECODE is an advanced function that the Oracle database supports. 4. @Neels: As Gordon said, which record's flag shall be used? DECODE FUNCTIONSo watch full video because you wouldn't be able to understand if you will not Watch till the end.And if you like this video then don't forget to LIKE and SUBSCRIBE my Channel for more informative videos including Tips and Tricks.#sql #sqltutorialforbeginners #shahzadacademyPrevious Lecture - 26: NVL, NVL2, NULLIF and COALESCE FUNCTIONS: https://youtu.be/c13dWNm_SdQ___________/LINKS\\________________ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/shahzadacademy Twitter: https://twitter.com/Shahzad_Academy Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/shahzad_khan_wardak****** Step By Step SQL Programming Course ******Lecture-1: SQL Tutorial for Beginners: https://youtu.be/7EogAhIVxiE Lecture-2: Spool File \u0026 Single / Multi lines Comments in SQL: https://youtu.be/HlGpAsKj4L4Lecture-3: Editing in Login file in SQL: https://youtu.be/E3FW42A_fCULecture-4: How to Use iSQL Plus: https://youtu.be/FATnI9nsLM0Lecture-5: How to Use Where Clause in SQL: https://youtu.be/1AWt1rDdKlQLecture-6: How to Use Order BY Clause: https://youtu.be/8ZQVKy2_34ELecture-7: How to Use Arithmetic Operators in SQL: https://youtu.be/Y-qR63cQrYA Lecture-8: How to Use CONCAT - LITERAL and Q-Operator in SQL: https://youtu.be/hTGGTWjDdIwLecture-9: Using DISTINCT in SQL | Column Formatting: https://youtu.be/fOMI-qz-sxILecture-10: How to Save Query in SQL and RUN | Clear Buffer Command: https://youtu.be/F4pP7pq4oZ4Lecture-11: AND / OR Condition in SQL: https://youtu.be/ZLO2gMToQaALecture-12: BETWEEN Operator in SQL: https://youtu.be/fqqcDsZhmgILecture-13: How to Use IN and NOT IN Operators | DESCRIBE table in SQL : https://youtu.be/oGhWf7HhHscLecture-14: Substitution Variables in SQL: https://youtu.be/hQS8ffW7HiQLecture-15: How to Use LIKE Operator in SQL: https://youtu.be/7BXsNucwP04Lecture-16: UPPER | LOWER | INITCAP Functions \u0026 DUAL Table In Oracle: https://youtu.be/nmWGrBnbGkoLecture-17: CONCAT \u0026 SUBSTR Functions: https://youtu.be/vqnFFfEGt8kLecture-18: INSTR \u0026 LENGTH Functions: https://youtu.be/A5FZsxZFJykLecture-19: LPAD | RPAD | TRIM \u0026 REPLACE Functions: https://youtu.be/VmnLzTDuzYELecture-20: SQL Numeric Functions ROUND TRUNC MOD: https://youtu.be/8KNXDk0PKAELecture-21: Working with SysDate | ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT Command: https://youtu.be/9wfb6NBDs1sLecture-22: Using Arithmetic Operators with Dates: https://youtu.be/mPIds0iPuTYLecture-23: DateTime functions in SQL: https://youtu.be/VYO-07rD3JULecture-24: Conversion Functions TO_DATE | TO_CHAR | TO_NUMBER: https://youtu.be/TYMywKEMPPwLecture-25: Nesting Functions Within Functions: https://youtu.be/nL08n3Uytr8****** Windows \u0026 Database Installations Video Tutorial ******Oracle SQL developer 19.4 on Windows 10 64 bit: https://youtu.be/ttUBrgu7Zi0Oracle 11g Installation in windows 10 64bit: https://youtu.be/NmqLFILApuIOracle 10g Installation in windows 10 64bit: https://youtu.be/onmcACoD_6YOracle 10g Installation in Windows 7 64bit: https://youtu.be/5g_yzfpdjSQOracle 10g Installation in Windows Xp 32bit: https://youtu.be/gDvBqMJboOkWindows 7 Installation in VMware: https://youtu.be/xNvuRdpj_wYWindows XP Installation in VMWare: https://youtu.be/f1w6qycQpiE****** Make Resume / CV Full Video Tutorials ******Make Resume/CV in Microsoft Word: https://youtu.be/Y-6mnTn1mxEMake Resume/CV Online Method: https://youtu.be/NfTeZ5ePO40****** Microsoft Office Tips \u0026 Tricks Full Video Tutorials ******MS-EXCEL: How to Make Calculator in Excel Using VBA: https://youtu.be/lioV0AWO9JcMS-OUTLOOK: How to Connect Gmail Account with Outlook: https://youtu.be/_8_jRUcapkMMS-WORD: How to Create CV in Microsoft Word: https://youtu.be/Y-6mnTn1mxE****** Others Video Tutorials *******How to Secure Google Account from Hackers: https://youtu.be/z7x-logI-N0How To Create A Free Website \u0026 Free Domain \u0026 Hosting: https://youtu.be/3BY6bbm5JkoFree HD BSR Screen Recorder for PC: https://youtu.be/0uUTBYVnEeAFree HD APowersoft Screen Recorder for PC: https://youtu.be/HY8wjlSPsJ0For any Query (Please feel free to contact me): -----------------------------------------------------------------------------G-mail id : shahzadamanatkhan@gmail.com***Thanks For Watching My Channel SHAHZAD ACADEMY*** Because they are equal, the function returns the third argument which is the string 'One': SELECT DECODE ( 1, 1, 'One' ) FROM dual; This thing works! Result Set Transformations It is very similar to CASE statement with slight differences in function and usage: It performs equality check only. Please explain me with some examples. We can say it is an extended version of Decode. 3. i2c_arm bus initialization and device-tree overlay, If he had met some scary fish, he would immediately return to the surface. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! performing aggregations over a finite set of values, such as days of Ready to optimize your JavaScript with Rust? We do not currently allow content pasted from ChatGPT on Stack Overflow; read our policy here. DECODE function was introduced first and CASE statement came later in Oracle Database (NetSuite backend database system). Help us identify new roles for community members, Proposing a Community-Specific Closure Reason for non-English content, Update statement with inner join on Oracle, OR is not supported with CASE Statement in SQL Server, Error related to only_full_group_by when executing a query in MySql, Oracle SQL: Case Statement in where clause returns an error "single-row subquery returns more than one row", ORA-00937 not a single-group group function when using CASE Condition. Any ideas why the first one works and this doesn't?? In the United States, must state courts follow rulings by federal courts of appeals? By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. While we recommend that you use the CASE expression rather than the DECODE function, where feasible we provide both DECODE and CASE versions of each example to help illustrate the differences between the two approaches. ChatGPT seems to be taking the world by storm. @ThorstenKettner: Well, the aggregation used here works for my case(obviously I cant show my entire code to prove that I understand). the week or months of the year, but you want the result set to You can use a CASE expression in any statement or clause that accepts a valid expression. approaches. Your email address will not be published. CASE can work as a PL/SQL construct but DECODE is used only in SQL statement. If default is omitted, then Oracle returns null. and, within each column, sum only those records whose order date Central limit theorem replacing radical n with n. Is energy "equal" to the curvature of spacetime? And its not a rocket science to understand what is happening in Gordon's query. The Oracle DECODE () function allows you to add the procedural if-then-else logic to the query. Oracle [ Count , Decode ] COUNT(DECODE(, , '','')) SELECT COUNT(DECODE(CODE_VAL,'2','1')) TRANS_S_COUNT, COUNT(DECODE(CODE_VAL,'3','1')) TRANS_C_COUNT FROM ( SELECT A.TRANS_NO, A.REG_USER_NO, A.GOODS_AMT, B.CODE_VAL FROM TB . Note: I'm using decode() only because it is in your sample query. . 2. CASE was introduced in Oracle 8.1.6 as a standard, more meaningful, and more powerful function. I tried looking for a clue but did not get a satisfying answer anywhere. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. It is used to work as an IF-THEN-ELSE statement. ,else) Here, value represents any column in a table (regardless of datatype) or any result of a computation, such as one date minus another, a SUBSTR of a . I also went on to try this with a CASE statement like this, but no use: I know I could override this by using another subquery for calculating the SUM but that would be like generations of subqueries living inside a select which I don't want for aesthetic, performance and personal reasons with over use of subqueries. run into a situation where you are quarter of 2001: In order to transform this result set into a single row with four . As this happens to be the right solution for you, okay. View all OReilly videos, Superstream events, and Meet the Expert sessions on your home TV. Learn Oracle, PHP, HTML,CSS,Perl,UNIX shell scripts, August 8, 2021 by techgoeasy Leave a Comment, We have seen working of Oracle Decode processing in the previous post, if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'techgoeasy_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_5',196,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-techgoeasy_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0');Now let us see Oracle Case statement processing. CASE EXPRESSION2. Demos, Syntax, and Example Code of Oracle DECODE and CASE Statement Functions. select. Get full access to Mastering Oracle SQL and 60K+ other titles, with free 10-day trial of O'Reilly. The problem is that flag is not in an aggregation function. Question 2:- Syntax of Case Statement CASE [expression] WHEN condition_1 THEN result_1 WHEN condition_2 THEN result_2 DECODE compares expr to each search value one by one. (6) CASE is a statement while DECODE is a function.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'techgoeasy_com-leader-2','ezslot_8',198,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-techgoeasy_com-leader-2-0'); Related ArticlesOracle sql Tutorials : Listing of all the sql tutorial lessons which can be used to master sql and use in RDBMS (Oracle,MySql) data management and manipulationOracle interview questions: Check out this page for Top 49 Oracle Interview questions and answers : Basics , Oracle SQL to help you in interviews.oracle PLSQL records : Check out this article on the working of oracle PLSQL records . My problem is I have a huge select statement with almost half of the columns coming out of a subquery and in these subqueries I have to check a lot of things. OReilly members experience live online training, plus books, videos, and digital content from nearly 200 publishers. Case And Decode Function In Oracle SQL (IF THEN ELSE) With Examples | CASE DECODE FUNCTIONS IN ORACLE SQLAbout this Video!-----. In this example, the Decode function compares the first and second arguments. Example : Select Employee_name, Case When Salary > 10000 and Salary < 20000 Then 'Class-2' When Salary >=20000 then 'Class-1' else 'Class-3' End As 'Class_of_Employee' From Employee; CASE complies with ANSI SQL. decode case . Why is there even a flag in each record, when you don't care about the single values (as in: for every record flagged 1 sum qty2, for the others sum qty1)? (4) Oracle Database uses short-circuit evaluation. Does a 120cc engine burn 120cc of fuel a minute? We have to convert it into scalar values to make use of that. Which value should be used? With this structure, far more complex conditions can be implemented with a searched CASE than a simple CASE. There is one on each row. where feasible we provide both DECODE and CASE versions of each He could have shown just as well a way for when no record has flag 0. CASE statement can handle more complex logic. Here is the format for DECODE: DECODE (value, if1, then1, if2, then2, if3, then3, . In the following example, the Oracle DECODE () function compares the first argument (1) with the second argument (1). the uses of conditional logic in SQL statements. The CASE expression evaluates a list of conditions and returns one of the multiple possible results. 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