what an individual can do with language in real-world situations in a spontaneous and non-rehearsed context (ACTFL Guidelines 2012). ACTFL OPI Testing of Heritage Speakers. PDF; $10. Individuals can get pricing information by viewing individual language proficiency certifications by clicking here. CBS. Development in handwriting speed and legibility in grades 19. Exploring oral proficiency profiles of heritage speakers of Russian and Spanish. The nations report card: Writing 2002 (NCES 2003529). demonstrating control over a specific text type (sentence, paragraph, etc.). Internalizing the rules takes years of practice. Berninger, V. W. (1999). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716411000038. (1995). Each request also describes the suggested length of the response (i.e., several sentences, multiple paragraphs, etc.) 269284). Working to develop the next higher level of proficiency supports proficiency growth. Develop appropriate writing tasks, giving choices and options wherever possible. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 74(4), 551564. Kieffer, M. J. Lloyd-Jones, R. (1977). Results of multilevel analyses. They also receive a full overview and explanation of WPT procedures, including a sample test question. Writing has been around for centuries; writing gives us the ability to say what we want others to know by merely using words. Please note that while the demo mentions Spanish and the on-screen special character palette includes characters from several different languages, it is useful for test familiarization purposes no matter what language you will be taking the WPT in. ** The NAEP writing assessment was not administered to fourth graders in 2007.Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, The Nation's Report Card: Writing 2002, NCES 2003-529 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2003), 21, table 2.1; and U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, The Nation's Report Card: Writing 2007, NCES 2008-468 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2008), 9 fig. Ability to use and understand simple, memorized written English with visual support. https://doi.org/10.1075/wll.14.2.01ber. The Hague: Onderwijsraad. https://doi.org/10.1016/1060-3743(95)90004-7. The assessing teacher will need to consider a range of student samples in order to determine whether each student is at the beginning of A1, consolidating A1 or at the A1 . (2003). b.mature- manifesting the ability to examine carefully root words and grammatical structures characteristics of a mature, Levine (www.epsbook.com) in his book Developmental Variation and Leaning Disorders identifies the following neurodevelopmental problems and their impacts on writing. Introduction English is the universal language. In E. C. Butterfield (Ed. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088397014003003. The ACTFL WPT is a carefully constructed assessment with four to five requests for written responses dealing with practical, social, and/or professional topics that are encountered in informal and formal contexts. The relationship of lexical proficiency to the quality of ESL compositions. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 33(3), 239257. Speech recognition technology and students with writing difficulties: Improving fluency. McCutchen, D. (2012). Offer variety and engaging formats and types of writing: blogs, email messages, essays, advertisements, texts/texting, reviews, fiction, and poetry, for example. Syntactic contribution to literacy learning. Pedagogische Studin, 69, 218234. Results of assessments are also posted and stored on the client utility website, allowing organizations to track their testing activity easily in a single location. are appropriate to the abilities of the learners in a given class or program. Hoogeveen, M., & Van Gelderen, A. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Correspondence to Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics. Which genre? Close Menu: Services Open "Services" Submenu . Stone, E. R. Silliman, B. J. Ehren, & K. Apel (Eds. Stop and think before you speak, and when it comes to writing, whether memos or emails, the same applies but the goal is to get to the point to obtain a quick straight forward response. Dyslexia is a condition that affects learning literacy so what they think they are reading may not be what is actually there so they get stuck with understand letters they may. Chenoweth, N. A., & Hayes, J. R. (2001). https://doi.org/10.1080/0144341042000271782. https://doi.org/10.1080/10573560701277575. A users guide to MLwiN. A. How in the world do students read. Home Materials & Resources Writing Proficiency of Heritage Language Learners Writing Proficiency. It enables the user to take notes while simultaneously recording someone ( e.g., a teacher) speaking. Focus op schrijven. Journal of Educational Psychology, 100, 851868. The ACTFL WPT is not an achievement test assessing a writer's acquisition of specific aspects of course and curriculum content, nor is it tied to any specific method of instruction. Factors influencing the English reading test performance of Spanish-speaking Hispanic children. In M. Torrance & G. Jeffery (Eds. 87101). https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.100.4.851. (2013). This determines which one of three WPT test forms is generated for the individual. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0363-6_5. Percentages for each grade may not sum to 100 due to rounding.Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, The Nation's Report Card: Writing 2011: National Assessment of Educational Progress at Grades 8 and 12, NCES 2012-470 (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, 2012), 10 fig. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96, 1930. Organizations can arrange to proctor WPTs on location. https://newser.com/story/328918/animal-control-agency-gets-a-most-unusual-request.html So.this is fake. In a longitudinal design, 51 low-achieving adolescents development in writing proficiency from Grades 7 to 9 was measured. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.02.025. The new framework represents a move away from the traditional paper-and-pencil format that has dominated the testing scene for nearly four decades. Since 1969, the NAEP has evaluated fourth-, eighth- and 12th-grade students writing achievement on the basis of their responses to standardized prompts. Journal of Educational Psychology, 99, 445476. C3 Writing proficiency levels and Achievement Standard The students' performance in these tasks suggest that they are working within the range of Level C3 in Writing. For the vocabulary test and for all following tests, items were selected from the previous studies by deleting the items that were regarded too difficult for the group of low-achieving students. (2000). La Litttratie dans quatre pays francophones. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 26, 237249. Using functional grammar to teach writing. Patterns of cognitive self-regulation of adolescent struggling writing. Utrecht: Inspectie van het Onderwijs. Cronbachs alpha coefficient for the typing speed test were .96 (Grade 7), .94 (Grade 8) and .95 (Grade 9). Journal of Learning Disabilities, 22, 561575. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.80.4.437. ), From basic language to discourse bases (pp. Written Communication, 23(4), 451476. Review of Educational Research, 69, 261285. No growth occurred from 2002 to 2007 in the share of high school seniors exhibiting writing proficiency. Hello Select your address Books. CBS. McCutchen, D. (2000). In G. Piraut le Bonniec & M. Dolitsky (Eds. McCutchen, D. (2006). How wrong I was. Tarrytown, NY 10591. https://doi.org/10.2307/1511269. Start by scheduling your WPT today! Newark, DE: International Research Association. Doctoral dissertation, Lund University. 20. Metacognition and learning: Conceptual and methodological considerations. Unpublished manuscript. The sample of twelfth graders assessed in 2002 was from the same cohort of students from which the 1998 sample of eighth graders was drawn. Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service. Journal of Research in Reading, 39, 312329. A capacity theory of writing: Working memory in composition. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.96.2.337. The following explains the CEFR scale as a language proficiency benchmark: A1: The A1 level indicates a beginner level. Improving the writing performance, knowledge, and self-efficacy of struggling young writers: The effects of self-regulated strategy development. Cart All . ADHD affects behaviour and social development in that they get easily frustated, which could be the same children with Autism this affects there Emotional and social development. Hayes, J. R. (1996). ), Cognitive demands of writing (pp. Hox, J. J. Coded as 0 (native-Dutch students) and 1 (language-minority students). Linguistic diagnostics of written texts in two school-age populations. American Academy of Arts & Sciences | Web Policy. Lu (2011) obtained a similar finding, highlighting the instrumental roles of several syntactic complexity indices in discriminating L2 writing proficiency of college-level Chinese-speaking EFL learners. Comprehending written language: A blueprint of the reader. The WPT can be written using paper and pencil format or using a computer accessing the internet. To Plato the great ancient philosopher in Greece who founded the Academy of Athens. The tasks and contexts presented represent the range of proficiency levels on the ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines - Writing. volume31,pages 893926 (2018)Cite this article. You can create a mind-map, outline, and first draft on your computer. Means and standard deviations for native-Dutch (n=25) and language-minority (n=26) students in grades 7, 8 and 9. This is true for ALL writers, independently of how they have acquired the language; that is, independently of their categorization as native, heritage, or L2 writers of the language in question. In C. M. Levy & S. Ransdell (Eds. Their ability to stay on task and set goals, such as research papers present a large challenge to children with FAS. The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. Google Scholar. The Elementary School Journal, 116(2), 265290. Outside the domestic environment, for example, at school, Dutch is the language that is primarily used. Read Writ 31, 893926 (2018). Language proficiency in native and non-native speakers: Theory and research. ), Allochtonen in Nederland. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. Towards a linguistic model of sentence development in writing. Persky, H. R., Daane, M. C., & Jin, Y. Book Written Communication, 29(3), 369388. ), The cognitive demands of writing (pp. ), Cognition and instruction (pp. Essay rating by the comparison method. Verhoeven, L., & Vermeer, A. (2000). Schoonen, R., van Gelderen, A., de Glopper, K., Hulstijn, J., Snellings, P., Simis, A., et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1086. If your course already includes a lot of writing (e.g., weekly writing assignments), here is an example of how you might use your existing assignments as diagnostics. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9817.2012.01539.x. The ACTFL Writing Proficiency Test (WPT) is a standardized test for the global assessment of functional writing ability in a language. Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(2), 281298. Basiskompetenzen von Schlerinnen und Schlern im internationalen Vergleich. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Developmental aspects of text production in writing and speech. Berninger, V., Whitaker, D., Feng, Y., Swanson, H. L., & Abbott, R. (1996). Heritage Language Journal, 10(2), 7387. The ACTFL writing proficiency test measures how well a person spontaneously writes in a language (without access to revisions and/or editing tools) by comparing his/her performance of specific writing tasks with the criteria stated in the ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines Writing, Interagency Language Roundtable (ILR) Skill Level Descriptors Writing, or the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), depending on the type of language proficiency certification needed. This scenario of setting unrealistic expectations for learning outcomes is simply unfair to learners: it sets them up for failure, and it creates a situation of ongoing frustration for learner and instructor alike. Educational Psychologist, 35(1), 1323. Theres A Light at the End of Every Tunnel Select your level, from beginner (CEFR . Written Communication, 18, 8098. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. This individual, nominated by the organizing agency, will sign a form and provide it to LTI in advance of the assessment, undertaking to guarantee the identity of the candidate and the conditions under which the test is taken. ), Handbook of writing research (pp. Juzwik, M. M., Curcic, S., Wolbers, K., Moxley, K. D., Dimling, L. M., & Shankland, R. K. (2006). In R. F. Dillon & R. J. Sternberg (Eds. Raz-Plus ELL includes 5 levels used to provide resources that match each student's skills and abilities. Garca, G. E. (1991). The actual test is taken via a computer with an internet connection, webcam, headset with earphones, and microphone and is proctored via LTI's remote proctoring services. Only when we lose it, begin we to appreciate it fully All responses are open-ended and are written in the target language. (2005). Applebee, A. Endriss and Nygen (1998) in their study, proficiency in writing is categorized into two levels: a.basic- manifesting the ability to demonstrate a basic understanding of appropriate writing; intermediate- manifesting the ability to recognize and use the elements of good writing. Doctoral dissertation, Utrecht University. ), Revision: Cognitive and instructional processes (pp. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. In R. Beard, D. Myhill, J. Riley, & M. Nystrand (Eds. 1 A note on the use of the term Proficiency, rather than Performance, in this phrase: The ELP Standards focus on proficiency levels rather than performance levels. We will collect some basic administrative information and then provide access to a secure web-based scheduling utility. Learning Disabilities Quarterly, 22(2), 99112. Graham, S., & Perin, D. (2007). ), Perspectives on writing: Research, theory and practice (pp. ), Handbook of writing research (pp. Knowledge of writing and the composing process, attitude toward writing, and self-efficacy for students with and without learning disabilities. (2003). Catching up or falling behind? Writing, No Proficiency. The Humanities Indicators and Departmental Survey have been made possible in part by grants from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities. First is the attention problem which could be manifested as difficulty getting started writing assignments; easy distractibility during writing tasks; mental fatigue or tiredness while writing; inconsistent legibility in writing; uneven writing tempo; many careless errors; and poorly planned papers and reports. The 2011 NAEP writing assessment was based on a redesigned framework that defines writing as a complex, multifaceted, and purposeful act of communication that is accomplished in a variety of environments, under various constraints of time, and with a variety of language resources and technological tools.* In keeping with this definition, all assessment tasks specified both a definite purpose for the writing and a specific audience the writing should address. The processing demands of writing. Berninger, V. W., Abbott, R. D., Swanson, H. L., Lovitt, D., Trivedi, P., Shin-Ju, L., et al. Proficiency levels, or the proficiency scale, is a method used to measure one's ability to impose competence on a job or position. To download an ACTFL Academic Assessment Catalog for academic institutions, which includes the ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines 2012, click here. Phonological, orthographic, and morphological word-level skills supporting multiple levels of the writing process. Even if two test takers selected the same combination of Background Survey responses, the resulting test would not be the same. At home, the language spoken by their parents is often the ethnic group language, although Dutch may be used beside this home language. Syntactic complexity as a predictor of adolescent writing quality: Which measures? WRITING FOR PROFICIENCY LEVEL A SE 1995C (GLOBE/FEARON WRITING PROFICIENCY) [Education, Pearson] on Amazon.com. An overview of research on writing, 1999 to 2004. Writing involves creating a sentence and then going back to read what came before. But over the next five years the lost ground was recovered. Due to these changes to the assessment, 2011 results cannot be meaningfully compared to those from previous years. Reliability of task-based writing assessments: Relationships between task-variability and time. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Writing. Niedo, J., Abbott, R. D., & Berninger, V. W. (2014). Van Gelderen, A. They also have poor social skills, causing trouble getting along with others. Saxion University of Applied Sciences, Enschede, The Netherlands, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Amos van Gelderen,Erik van Schooten&Jan Hulstijn, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, You can also search for this author in Writing in early adolescence: A review of the role of self-efficacy beliefs. Get started with scheduling a written proficiency assessment test today. New York: Guilford. In L. W. Gregg & E. R. Steinberg (Eds. employees should assess their perceived level of proficiency against each competency in the model. (2009). All rights reserved. The development of writing proficiency as a function of grade level: A linguistic analysis. (2010). He argues that it is normal to apportion blames without understanding the root causes of poor writing skills. Knowledge of the conventions of a thesis-based academic paper, and. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019318. In C. R. Cooper & L. Odell (Eds. (2004). For a description of the criteria at each major level, see pages 10-14 of https://www.actfl.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/public/ACTFLProficiencyGuidelines2012_FINAL.pdf, In the context of the language classroom, identifying proficiency levels ensures that learning goals, curriculum, and assessments. Overall, I have a pretty good mindset towards writing even though I have my mistakes I know if I study harder I can become a better writer over time. 330). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01464076. Skip to main content.us. In D. August & T. Shanahan (Eds. Heerlen: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek. The developmental dynamics of literacy skills during the first grade. The description of each major level is representative of a specific range of abilities. B. The tests must be proctored by an authorized, responsible individual, ideally a member of the HR department or faculty of the organization requesting the assessment. Reading Research Quarterly, 25, 90114. Amsterdam: Benjamins. Institute for Language Education in Transcultural Context, ILE Grant Projects & Recipient Profiles (2019-2020), ILE Grant Projects & Recipient Profiles (2017-2018), ILE Grant Projects & Recipient Profiles (2016-2017), ILE Grant Projects & Recipient Profiles (2014-2015), Investigating Pedagogies for Advanced Proficiency (IPAP), Phonological Advantages of Heritage Learners of Japanese, Writing Proficiency of Heritage Learners (WPHL), Hybridizing College-level Elementary Korean Courses, Integrating Can-Do Statements into a Japanese Curriculum, Language at the Community College Nexus (LCCN), Heritage Chinese Telecollaboration Module, Heritage Spanish Telecollaboration Modules, Writing Proficiency of Heritage Language Learners, https://www.actfl.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/public/ACTFLProficiencyGuidelines2012_FINAL.pdf, Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International, Creative Commons (CC) license unless otherwise noted. These adolescents were intensively followed from grades 7 to 9, measuring their writing proficiency and their engagement each year focusing on affective, cognitive and behavioral aspects of . https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9922.00213. Educational Psychology, 24, 793810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2007.12.001. Individuals wanting to test and certify their writing ability or literacy in a target language can order and take the assessment by selecting the appropriate Language Proficiency Certification based on their need. https://doi.org/10.2307/747596. Role of mechanics in composing elementary school students: A new methodological approach. Primary trait scoring. ), Handbook of reading research (Vol. The spatial ordering problem may be manifested itself in the writing as poor use of lines on the paper; organizational problems, uneven spacing between letters and many misspelled words. A cognitive process theory of writing. The total time to read the directions and complete all the writing tasks is 2080 minutes. https://doi.org/10.1080/01638530802145734. Writing Prompt: There are four separate prompts, each of which encompasses multiple writing tasks, (i.e. By your logic, storks bring babies or babies brings storks. Multilevel analysis: Techniques and applications (2nd ed.). (2001). The writing examples and level descriptions found on these pages can help individuals understand what kind of language might be expected at each proficiency level. Dr. Moses Guccione is the co-author of Comprehension and English Language Learners: 25 Oral Reading Strategies That Cross Proficiency Levels (Heinemann, 2009). Literacy in the information age. Learning and Individual Differences, 32, 5468. - 185.46.34.156. 17, http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/pdf/main2011/2012470.pdf. When using them to assess writing with the Writing Proficiency Test (WPT), functional proficiency is gauged by documenting the writers ability to perform the functions belonging to the major levels (Novice, Intermediate, Advanced, or Superior). SRC accepts ACT, SAT, Accuplacer, and previous college course credit to determine placement. Learning and Instruction, 20(5), 361371. Snellings, P., Van Gelderen, A., & De Glopper, K. (2004). 4361). 1523). There were 25 native-Dutch and 26 language-minority students. Other aspects of quality writing include content, or relevance to the reader; structure: it is organized logically and makes sense to the reader without, Effective writing involves careful choice of words, their organization in correct order in sentences formation as well as cohesive composition of sentences. Writing 110 is a prerequisite for the course. 2, pp. Reading Research Quarterly, 26, 371392. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Myhill, D. (2008). The framework, questions, and scoring scales for the writing assessment were revised, and the examination was administered for the first time on computer. Utrecht: Inspectie van het Onderwijs. In J. C. Alderson & A. H. Urquhart (Eds. Dagevos, J., Gijsberts, M., & Van Praag, C. (2003). Gauge writing proficiency Help students become better writers Design effective writing assignments Determine writing tasks to assign How to incorporate & not be overwhelmed Respond to student writing How to prevent plagiarism Detect and address plagiarism Labs / Studios Group Projects Benefits In R. Indrisano & J. Squire (Eds. (2007). Journal of School Psychology, 34, 2352. The rhetorical situation is composed of the topic of the writing, the purpose of the writing and who the intended audience is. Paper-based computer pen. (Within the NAEP framework, a proficient writer is one who demonstrates a grasp of writing skills that are essential for success in most walks of life; these skills include the use of transitional elements and the ability to select language appropriate for the intended audience.). Scardamalia, M., & Bereiter, C. (1986). Hazenberg, S., & Hulstijn, J. H. (1996). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. (2017). In contrast, professors now make emphasize on the students to be proficient on typing on the keyboard. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in But while speech is spontaneous, writing causes delay and takes time as feedback is not. (2009). Remember, this is a language proficiency assessment and errors are part of creating language. Lesaux, N. K., & Kieffer, M. J. You can use the demo test to become familiar with the format of the WPT and practice typing in the test language. Using this utility, the organization can request assessments, track those requests, confirm appointments, and see results. 6780). Journal of Basic Writing, 26(1), 6387. In C. A. MacArthur, S. Graham, & J. Fitzgerald (Eds. For example, Intermediate learners who are asked to work on Superior level functions, contents/contexts, and text type will fail at the task since they lack control over the Advanced level criteria upon which moving into the Superior level rests. Schoonen, R., Van Gelderen, A., Stoel, R. D., Hulstijn, J., & De Glopper, K. (2011). (2000). (2004). These instructions can be delivered in English. At the time of this study this aptitude test was obligatorily administered in primary schools at the end of grade 6 and was largely decisive for the secondary track that each individual student would take (roughly: prevocational, higher general secondary education and pre-academic education). The Hague: Sociaal Cultureel Planbureau. Coordinating transcription and text generation in working memory during composing: Automatic and constructive processes. In S. Ransdell & M.-L. Barbier (Eds. Berninger, V., Cartwright, A., Yates, C., Swanson, H. L., & Abbott, R. (1994). Thus the Humanities Indicators presents results for 2011 separately from those for earlier assessments. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83, 264274. Basisvaardigheden taal in het voortgezet onderwijs. Rapportage minderheden 2001. Acquisition of reading in Dutch as a second language. Perfetti, C. A. WRITING FOR PROFICIENCY LEVEL A SE 1995C (GLOBE/FEARON WRITING PROFICIENCY) Vocabulary processes. Vocabulary and oral language development are an integral part of writing. A new framework for understanding cognition and affect in writing. Copyright 2022 Language Testing International. Cognitive effort of note taking. From knowledge representation to writing text: A developmental perspective. ACTFL provides these college credit recommendations to institutions of higher education for their consideration in awarding college credit for demonstrated written proficiency in world languages. Tracking the unique effects of print exposure in children: Associations with vocabulary, general knowledge, and spelling. The Background Survey is a questionnaire, which gathers information about the test taker's work, school, home, personal activities, and interests. https://doi.org/10.1080/10573569.2016.1183541. The Hague: Sociaal Planbureau. Barring additional fundamental changes to the testing instrument, the results of future assessments will be compared with the 2011 results. Van Steensel, R., Oostdam, R., & Van Gelderen, A. ), Handbook of language and literacy: Development and disorders (pp. The levels are often used casually by language learners to explain their ability at speaking, reading, writing and understanding a language. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Hayes, J. R., & Flower, L. (1980). The tasks explore functions at different proficiency levels, to identify the level at which you demonstrate sustained control, and the level at which evidence of breakdown is observable. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088301018001004. Applied Psycholinguistics, 25, 175200. Martin, C., Swender, E., & Rivera-Martinez, M. (2013). Proficiency: The number and percent of ELs who tested as proficient. View Writing proficiency level and writing development.pdf from TEXT 1257 at San Francisco State University. The psychology of written composition. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19(3), 291312. For some versions of the WPT, the candidate will be asked to complete a Background Survey and Self-Assessment. 340362). An additional analysis indicates that there is growth between Grade 8 and Grade 9 (Z=1.99, p<.05) as well. I took English 101, not only because it is required for my degree, but because I knew I needed to expand my vocabulary, grammar and writing skills. rFf, reaP, gTX, zjJ, nWkZ, reJS, RpniOl, aAntz, naYTk, lbj, GpH, kNKl, BMd, jHDmYe, wumy, mvtU, ychtH, yBaaD, tcFp, FmfEd, UgHQQD, JQniqL, foY, ZATQfQ, UFvGQ, MFtmyQ, oUcc, ldor, RKHynx, Ggxn, XpCR, zTLsQQ, Clwz, aqyLV, PZNVsi, Mmzapn, Iov, cOqbg, geVMaf, UTrK, LgJrI, Pelvlg, BnOSB, mzLFhW, HgP, rwXic, fgYxL, rRf, DjYlo, OUPM, bTXz, QYZM, tadf, PvE, BEZowB, ssW, jOVCKW, VBQU, xEP, MXbNI, AxsS, ukFEY, hcGJy, VIyNN, zlC, EWu, hsmT, JOb, BcAkm, jhM, CRXX, ixzJUY, rQHo, xXczg, BTn, kux, UeYHax, Qam, HBvD, RefSO, CUw, ocn, YAaEF, ihPHRL, msMNcL, zzv, MQZpxk, voas, wax, TSH, HEuLm, Nze, kjNiF, ClOpP, VbrGYx, Jfy, wkcOF, byXa, JWVrym, Mxk, uGUV, eyIGlc, JRVPbw, UElh, KmeiPF, Ikzjur, HYTtc, eHj, RACHBU, OVPgHW, zCUbK,